There is no single "LASIK." There are five procedures, and the right one falls out of your cornea, prescription, and age. Laser methods reshape the cornea; lens methods leave it alone.
- LASIK. A flap is lifted, the cornea reshaped underneath, the flap laid back. The default for moderate prescriptions in healthy eyes. Functional vision within a day.
- SMILE. No flap; less nerve disruption means less dry eye 1. Best for moderate nearsightedness.
- PRK. No flap to dislodge, so it suits boxers, soldiers, anyone hit in the face for a living. Slower, rougher first week.
- ICL. A lens implanted inside the eye, cornea untouched. For prescriptions too strong or corneas too thin to laser; β₯20/20 in 80β90% 2. Removable.
- RLE. The natural lens swapped out, same as cataract surgery. The route from about age 50, when reading vision is already going.
The result holds. A ten-year audit of nearly 38,000 eyes kept β₯20/40 vision in 94% at the decade mark 3; high prescriptions drift back by about half a diopter over ten years, a small return of blur, not a collapse 4. Followed side by side over three years, laser patients stayed more satisfied than contact-lens wearers, and the gap widened 5.
The workup is the procedure. Demand this before you agree to anything:
The morning after, the clock across the room is just sharp β no reaching for anything. Within a week the whole apparatus is gone: no fogged glasses, no contact ritual, no blurred swimming. By a year most people have stopped thinking about it, and 94β98% say they would do it again 6. The result still holds at ten years 4.
The fine print β when to skip it, and what people get wrong
Do not have laser surgery if: you have keratoconus or any corneal thinning, even "suspect" on topography; an unstable prescription, active infection, or severe dry eye; you're pregnant or breastfeeding (wait six months). A too-thin cornea routes you to ICL or PRK instead.
The honest tail: dry eye hits a fifth to two-fifths at six months, mostly fading by a year; 5β10% keep it longer 1. Night halos bother 1β4% "very much" 7. Ectasia, the rare catastrophe, stays well under 1% with Scheimpflug screening 8.
It won't save you from reading glasses. Around 45 your lens stiffens regardless; a 28-year-old treated today still needs readers at 45. And 20/20 isn't "perfect" β it misses night and low-contrast vision, so some feel worse than their old contacts 9.
- 1Kobashi H, Kamiya K, Shimizu K (2017). Dry eye after small incision lenticule extraction and femtosecond laser-assisted LASIK: meta-analysis. Cornea. link
- 2Packer M (2018). The Implantable Collamer Lens with a central port: review of the literature. Clinical Ophthalmology. link
- 3Yuen LH, Chan WK, Koh J, Mehta JS, Tan DT (2010). A 10-year prospective audit of LASIK outcomes for myopia in 37,932 eyes at a single institution in Asia. Ophthalmology. link
- 4Alio JL, Muftuoglu O, Ortiz D, et al. (2008). Ten-year follow-up of laser in situ keratomileusis for myopia of up to -10 diopters. American Journal of Ophthalmology. link
- 5Price MO, Price DA, Bucci FA Jr, Durrie DS, Bond WI, Price FW Jr (2016). Three-year longitudinal survey comparing visual satisfaction with LASIK and contact lenses. Ophthalmology. link
- 6Sandoval HP, Donnenfeld ED, Kohnen T, Lindstrom RL, Potvin R, Tremblay DM, Solomon KD (2016). Modern laser in situ keratomileusis outcomes. Journal of Cataract & Refractive Surgery. link
- 7Eydelman M, Hilmantel G, Tarver ME, et al. (2017). Symptoms and satisfaction of patients in the patient-reported outcomes with laser in situ keratomileusis (PROWL) studies. JAMA Ophthalmology. link
- 8Randleman JB, Woodward M, Lynn MJ, Stulting RD (2008). Risk assessment for ectasia after corneal refractive surgery. Ophthalmology. link
- 9American Academy of Ophthalmology (2022). American Academy of Ophthalmology statement on FDA draft guidance on LASIK. link
LASIK and Refractive Eye Surgery
One 15-minute procedure. A day or two off, eye drops for a fortnight, then nothing.
Tens of millions of procedures, 10+ year audits, FDA outcome studies, and a clinical practice pattern. One of the most-studied elective procedures in medicine.
Wake up able to read the clock. Swim, run, sweat, sauna β without losing or fogging anything.
A daily friction you'd stopped noticing turns out to have been costing you. Survey data is unusually positive: most people say they'd do it again.
$4,000β6,000 for both eyes at a reputable centre, paid out of pocket in the US. Break-even against contacts hits around year 7β12.
No glasses on your face. Real for the heavy spectacle-wearer, invisible if you were already in contacts.
If contacts were giving you 4pm eye-fatigue, that ends.
Marginal β the visual win is functional, not cognitive.