One blood number tracks it. hs-CRP, the high-sensitivity version of C-reactive protein, integrates a lot of underlying inflammation into a single figure from a standard draw. The working brackets: under 1 mg/L is low risk, 1 to 3 intermediate, above 3 high 1.
The inflammation itself does damage, not just the cholesterol travelling with it. Blocking it with an antibody cut cardiac events 15% in heart-attack survivors with no change in LDL 2; cheap generic colchicine reproduced it 3. High CRP and IL-6 also carry two to three times the frailty risk, faster muscle and grip loss, and about 2.6 times the mortality over five years 4, 5, 6. People who reach 100 in Sardinia and Okinawa often carry inflammation closer to a thirty-year-old's 7.
Where the fire comes from. The deep, organ-wrapped visceral fat around your middle behaves like an inflammation-producing organ, leaking IL-6 all day 8. Short sleep, untreated gum disease, and chronic loneliness feed the same signal 9, 10. The drivers are almost exactly the levers.
Get the number, then pull the levers that move it.
The arc. Weeks to months: the background-tired hum lifts, minor colds clear faster, the mood floor rises quietly 14. Years: muscle mass and grip hold longer, frailty and cognitive decline come slower, cardiac events fall 5, 15, 16. This is the future where the trip with the grandchildren still happens and you stand up from a chair at seventy without planning it.
Pregnancy, oestrogen therapy, autoimmune disease, recent surgery, or active infection all move CRP for other reasons β it isn't an inflammaging readout then 19. South and East Asian readers hit high CRP at lower BMI, so track waist circumference instead.
The fine print β when to skip it, and what people get wrong
Eat "anti-inflammatory foods" and you're done. Turmeric and fish oil move the marker far less than weight, sleep, and movement do. The robust dietary signal is Mediterranean-pattern adherence; cutting gluten or nightshades does little 17, 18.
Chase the marker instead of the levers and it drifts back up. A single CRP above 10 mg/L usually means a current infection; re-check in two to four weeks. Canakinumab and colchicine work but raise infection risk, so they belong in a clinician's office.
- 1Pearson et al. (2003). Markers of inflammation and cardiovascular disease: application to clinical and public health practice β a statement for healthcare professionals from the CDC and the AHA. Circulation. link
- 2Ridker et al. (2017). Antiinflammatory therapy with canakinumab for atherosclerotic disease (CANTOS). New England Journal of Medicine. link
- 3Tardif et al. (2019). Efficacy and safety of low-dose colchicine after myocardial infarction (COLCOT). New England Journal of Medicine. link
- 4Walston J, McBurnie MA, Newman A, Tracy RP, Kop WJ, Hirsch CH, Gottdiener J, Fried LP (2002). Frailty and activation of the inflammation and coagulation systems with and without clinical comorbidities: results from the Cardiovascular Health Study. Archives of Internal Medicine. link
- 5Schaap LA, Pluijm SM, Deeg DJ, Harris TB, Kritchevsky SB, Newman AB, Colbert LH, Pahor M, Rubin SM, Tylavsky FA, Visser M (2009). Higher inflammatory marker levels in older persons: associations with 5-year change in muscle mass and muscle strength. Journals of Gerontology Series A. link
- 6Harris TB, Ferrucci L, Tracy RP, Corti MC, Wacholder S, Ettinger WH, Heimovitz H, Cohen HJ, Wallace R (1999). Associations of elevated interleukin-6 and C-reactive protein levels with mortality in the elderly. American Journal of Medicine. link
- 7Franceschi C, Garagnani P, Parini P, Giuliani C, Santoro A (2018). Inflammaging: a new immune-metabolic viewpoint for age-related diseases. Nature Reviews Endocrinology. link
- 8Visser M, Bouter LM, McQuillan GM, Wener MH, Harris TB (1999). Elevated C-reactive protein levels in overweight and obese adults. JAMA. link
- 9Irwin MR (2019). Sleep and inflammation: partners in sickness and in health. Nature Reviews Immunology. link
- 10Cole SW (2015). Human social genomics. PLOS Genetics. link
- 11Petersen AM, Pedersen BK (2005). The anti-inflammatory effect of exercise. Journal of Applied Physiology. link
- 12Estruch et al. (2018). Primary prevention of cardiovascular disease with a Mediterranean diet supplemented with extra-virgin olive oil or nuts (PREDIMED). New England Journal of Medicine. link
- 13Beydoun et al. (2020). Clinical and bacterial markers of periodontitis and their association with incident all-cause and Alzheimer's disease dementia in a large national survey. Journal of Alzheimer's Disease. link
- 14Capuron L, Miller AH (2011). Immune system to brain signaling: neuropsychopharmacological implications. Pharmacology & Therapeutics. link
- 15Yaffe K, Lindquist K, Penninx BW, Simonsick EM, Pahor M, Kritchevsky S, Launer L, Kuller L, Rubin S, Harris T (2003). Inflammatory markers and cognition in well-functioning African-American and white elders. Neurology. link
- 16Ridker et al. (2008). Rosuvastatin to prevent vascular events in men and women with elevated C-reactive protein (JUPITER). New England Journal of Medicine. link
- 17Bonaccio M, Pounis G, Cerletti C, Donati MB, Iacoviello L, de Gaetano G (2017). Mediterranean diet, dietary polyphenols and low grade inflammation: results from the MOLI-SANI study. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology. link
- 18Wirth MD, Shivappa N, Hurley TG, HΓ©bert JR (2017). Association between previously diagnosed circulatory conditions and a dietary inflammatory index nutrient score. Nutrition Research. link
- 19Mauvais-Jarvis F (2018). Gender differences in glucose homeostasis and diabetes. Physiology & Behavior. link